Family Tradition Free Essays

Elizabeth Ashleigh Petersen Mrs. Perniciaro English 1101 MW March 15, 2010 Family Tradition I generally realize it is Thanksgiving morning when I wakeful to the smell of the turkey cooking in the broiler and the cinnamon apple zest tea preparing on the oven. The remainder of the morning is spent helpingmy mother and grandma cooking in our enormous open kitchen. We will compose a custom exposition test on Family Tradition or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Consistently for whatever length of time that I can recollect, my grandma utilizes my Nana’s recipies when cooking the thick margarine garlic pureed potatoes, natively constructed sweet red cranberry sauce, and the rich velvety dim sauce. Then again, my mother and I generally cook the french green beans, wiener and bread stuffing, and furthermore our natively constructed pumpkin pie together. While the ladies burn through the vast majority of the early evening in the kitchen preparing things, the men typically accumulate in the family room and watch sports or play a prepackaged game on the foot stool. It is a standard in our home that no man is permitted in the kitchen while we are cooking except if he is coming to help with dishes; in any case the men eat all the food as it is being readied. Thanksgiving is where my whole family can get together and appreciate excellentfood just as each other’s organization. My dad who lives in the excellent Birmingham, Alabama drives during each time the day preceding Thanksgiving and remains with us consistently. He generally brings the best new sweet tea and custom made peach shoemaker you can discover in Alabama which are fundamental to our Thanksgiving dinner. Be that as it may, my maternal grandparents drive down from Memphis, Tennessee and carry alongside them a little present for every one of the children; which incorporate my two siblings, Johnathan and Harrison, and my sister Alise. Despite the fact that this is a day for my family to hobnob, we have consistently invited anybody without a spot to go or family to be with to go through it with us also. A portion of the previous years we have had neighbors go along with us and furthermore companions of the youngsters. As I’ve effectively expressed, this day is significant and exceptional to me and each individual from my family. Despite the fact that we each lead our own chaoticand occupied lives, we will consistently set aside a few minutes for one another particularly for occasions. Thanksgiving in our home advances a feeling of fellowship and appreciation, while additionally joining natively constructed food. We have explicit recipies and certain significant family customs that have been passed down starting with one age then onto the next, etc. Despite the fact that we do a portion of very similar things every Thanksgiving, I really want to feel energy for consistently from that point. Step by step instructions to refer to Family Tradition, Essays

X Relative Clause Free Essays

string(54) do on your PC is likewise being done in the cloud. Words from the content Meanings lifted 1 . Showed up just because went ahead the scene 2. Tolerating Clashing with 3. We will compose a custom exposition test on X: Relative Clause or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now Moving to another position annihilated 4. To accuse Apple grasping 5. Loses the chance/ - ties is lifting 6. Took moving 7. Be master in reshaping 8. Changing the structure to do so 9. Obliterated passes up 10. Is raising too more significant level exceeded expectations at 11. In struggle with 5 Ideas Apple Gleefully Stole From Google, Twitter, and Microsoft By Mark Wilson (12 December 2013) (Modified Version) Mark Wilson is an author who began Philanthropy. Com. His work has additionally showed up at Gizmo, Kodak, Pommel, Oppose, Esquire, American Photo and Lucky Peach. . On the off chance that sister 7 thus X Mavericks look somewhat natural, yet , there are in any event five valid justifications for that. Apple lifted them from different trend-setters, and afterward made them somewhat better. For those who’ve been following the minor subtleties of interface structure, you will see that a large number of their thoughts, from SO X Maverick to sister 7 are really old, or in any event natural. It is difficult to take a gander at Apple’s most recent programming without seeing the impact of Windows 8, Android, and even Chromosomes. In any case, as Steve Jobs once broadly summarized (and the tech press has referenced this regularly), â€Å"Good specialists obtain, extraordinary craftsmen take. † Here is some of what Apple took in their most recent programming refreshes and, much of the time, improved: 2. The primary thing you notice when taking a gander at sister 7 is the evenness. The home screen’s symbols come up short on a plastic sheen (sparkle). Message’s talk bubbles are not, at this point bubbly. Moreover, each catch has been improved with a 2-D nearness. 3. In any case, the second thing you will see are the liberal printed legitimately on a sheet of glass. In the mean time, your work area or application obscures away in the backgroundâ€still there, Just not, at this point observable. 4. It’s a stunt that we initially observed n Rare, the Windows Vista straightforward interface that was grumbled for requiring ground-breaking illustrations cards. Additionally, there is a major distinction in usage. While Microsoft utilized straightforwardness to sell us on the loftiness (significance) of 3-D, Apple is utilizing it to quietly feature the in any case shrouded profundity of its â€Å"flat† interface. The impact is humbugging (improved culture), as a photograph of a companion or kid covers up beneath, treating the realistic moderation (straightforwardness). 5. At the point when Android went ahead the scene, it was unimaginably terrible, be that as it may, it accompanied one dazzling (unique) highlight known as live backdrops. They were really a poor structure decision, for the most part conflicting with symbols and diverting your eye from the I-Jell. Besides, they further obliterated Android’s effectively horrendous battery life. 6. Today, Apple isn’t grasping a completely vivified foundation with sister 7, yet it is lifting the point by point climate screens that were likely the live wallpaper’s most prominent trademark. All the more critically, however, Apple is additionally vitalizing the landing page in a far subtler manner: parallax (make it wake up) seeing. As the edge of the telephone changes in your grasp, the picture moves so you can really glance around and under symbols. Most likely Google needed your work area to feel invigorated. With sister g’s responsive, parallax home screen, the telephone may very well do that. 7. Apple is moving APS like modify to a program based board, where each change you make is consequently matched up (synchronized) in the cloud. You can even open improve on a PC and, as a result of this arrangement, experience the equivalent revise I-Jell as you have on your Mac. Like a vehicle organization reshaping the lines of its (notable) sports vehicle more than five to ten years, Apple is demurely (gradually) sliding us into the application as a cloud wrapper, while taking care of one of Apple’s most noteworthy issues today: How to adjust a seer’s APS across work areas and mobiles. Presently, is that the correct methodology for a plan head? I don’t know. Be that as it may, it is the demonstrated path for a major organization to roll out huge improvements without causing dissatisfactions for the customers. Be that as it may, In Design, Stealing Is A Good Thing 8. It is anything but difficult to peruse an article like this one and accuse Apple. In any case, to do so passes up the more prominent story at play. In all honesty, Apple is once in a while the first to advertise with any mechanical stunt. Additionally, it even took the GUI from Xerox! What Apple has exceeded expectations at (surpasses) for quite a long time is the capacity to lift quite a few pieces of all the eight plans and spot them all in the correct spots. Apple will sell us on Chromosomes, in their own specific manner, Just like it persuaded us that a battery-fueled hard drive was the best convenient music player at any point developed. In Apple’s hands, discrete (isolated) bit of configuration can turn into a showstopper. Movement 3: [Individual/Pair-work] There are largely together eight passages. In the table underneath, each passage has been summed up in two different ways. Your errand is to recognize the best rundown of each section and your speaker will lead a conversation on the right answers. Section One Sentence Summary . Apple has been changing other tech giants’ thoughts and has been fruitful much of the time. B. Apple has been unlawfully utilizing different company’s thoughts in its items. 2 a. The screen doesn't sparkle any more. B. Lessening its brilliance and presence of catches in 2-D improves the level screen. A. Straightforwardness is improved. B. Improved straightforwardness permits the letters to show up unmistakably on the glass while the foundation symbols debilitate. 4 a. Microsoft promoted the magnificent 3-D interface, and Apple refined the idea by making it all the more speaking to the clients. B. Apple made a stunt. 5 a. The main Android accompanied the new idea of live backdrops. B. Beginning Android adaptation was not well known. 6 a. Apple’s work area utilizes live backdrop in a progressively modest and fulfilling way. B. Apple might conceivably beat Google in making the work area progressively bursting at the seams with live backdrop. 7 a. Macintosh is changing revamp with the goal that what you do on your PC is likewise being done in the cloud. You read X: Relative Clause in class Papers B. As Apple logically alters its APS, its clients are likewise being step by step prepared to utilize cloud-based application. 8 a. Apple’s quality is to change the current thoughts and make another item that turns into a show-stopper. B. Apple is presently attempting to make its Chromosomes. Action 4 [Individual or Paperwork][ Your instructor will give you input on this. ] Do this movement on a bit of paper. Compose a rundown of the article by adhering to these directions: Your synopsis ought to be close to 70 words. Join the one sentence synopsis of each section. Use connecting words to show the connection between subtleties. Include a subject sentence (a case) to the start of the synopsis. (Take a gander at the title of the article. How can it connect to the one sentence rundowns of the passages? ) Add a closing sentence to the rundown. Include content referencing. Language being used Make your sentence progressively educational with Relative Clauses Activity 1: Lecture on Relative Clause [class discussion][3 minutes] Compare the sentences in the two sections and choose which adaptation seems, by all accounts, to be increasingly proficient method of composing. Why? Adaptation A Version B The pooch pursued the feline that slaughtered the mouse that ate the cheddar that was produced using the milk that originated from the dairy animals that rancher Simon purchased. The canine pursued the feline. The feline murdered the mouse. The mouse ate the cheddar. The cheddar was produced using the milk. The milk originated from the dairy animals. The rancher Simon purchased a cow. For what reason do we utilize relative provisions? To add significant subtleties/data To make the sentence succinct and educational To maintain your concentrate clear Relative provision starts with a relative pronoun. Relative pronouns are: that, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, and why; Most regular relative pronouns are who/whom, whose, that, and which. ‘Comma’ or ‘No Comma’? At the point when the relative condition includes vital (significant) data to the primary sentence, NO COMMA is required. Martin who/m I used to work with is moving to Canada. (There is more than one Martin. So it is imperative to determine which Martin! ) Martin, whom I worked intimately with, is moving to Canada. Relative statement isn't significant. ) This is genuine just for relative statements that show up in the center of the primary sentence. In the event that the relative statement shows up directly toward the beginning, you NEED a comma. At the point when Martin initially moved to Chucking, he was unable to speak Malay. In the event that the relative proviso shows up directly toward the end, you DON’T NEED a comma. Martin couldn't speak Malay when he previously moved to Chucking. Action 2: Practice Write the proper relative pronoun in each clear beneath. Likewise, include the commas where important. Whom whose who that which 1 . Apple is discharging I-Phone Xi this week. Apple is a worldwide organization. 2. The CEO is a Malaysian. The CEO established Giant grocery store. 3. The Malaysia Prime Minister communicates in English smoothly. Numerous individuals love him. . Steve Jobs kicked the bucket a year back. Steve Jobs was the CEO of Apple. 5. This is the house. Jack had assembled this house. 6. I don’t get individuals. These individuals eat popcorn during the film. 7. The educator as of late got an advan cement. I regard him exceptionally. 8. Susan is my cousin. Her vehicle was taken a week ago. 9. This is John. I needed to address him. Action 3: Is taking consistently a terrible thing? [Group Discussion Blob] [10 minutes] whether the vocalists of the twenty tunes utilizing a similar four ropes in the Youth lip and Apple’s utilization of Microsoft’s live backdrop innovation are morally satisfactory or not. You likewise need to help your case with proof. Everybody must share your musings in any event twice during the conversation. Make sure to be courteous and bolster your gathering individuals. Action 4: Elaborate Argument [Discuss

Deciding to Change Your Major

Deciding to Change Your Major When I was in your shoes as an admitted student my senior year of high school, I was 100% confident in my major. I knew exactly what I wanted to do. Yup. That was me. Come to find out? I was wrong. I changed my major 3 times. Yes, I still graduated on time. Yes, I’m glad I did change my major.  But ultimately, I found out  it’s okay to change your mind. Whether you are reconsidering your choice of major now, planning to explore your options once on campus, or hoping to find a new passion in a class outside of your major, there are steps you can take to find what you were truly meant to do. My biggest piece of advice: talk with your academic advisor. They’re here to help you! You’ll be required to meet with them once a semester, but don’t be afraid to meet with them more than that. The Office of the Provost has a guide for the Intercollegiate Transfer Process that breaks it down by college and major for you. Keep in mind, each college has their own requirements (think: GPA, required classes, etc.) so itll be important to refer to their guide while picking classes. The process of switching your major is going to be different depending on which college youre switching from and which college to. For instance, the College of Business only takes transfer students in the spring of your freshmen year. On the other hand, to transfer to the College of Engineering, you first need to apply to the PREP, Pre Engineering, Program, and from there declare your chosen major. You can read more about the PREP Program and the process on this blog. Changing your major is fairly common on campus, but its not something that will happen overnight. Generally, youll need to stay in the major you were admitted to for your first year on campus. Dont worry! Youll still be able to take classes towards your new major. One last thing! Interested in changing your major now? Call Admissions first. You have the option to submit a Program Change Form through your myIllini account to be considered for a new major on campus. By doing so, youre forfeiting your admission to your current program with no guarantee you will be accepted to the new program youre applying for. At this point, youll be considered a late applicant. Call our office, and well help walk you through the process of what your best next steps should be. Hannah Admissions Counselor I grew up just 30 minutes north of Champaign-Urbana and am a recent graduate of Illinois. As a former Pathway student, I understand the challenges of adapting to life at both a community college as well as a four-year institution. Whatever you're wondering about, I'll help you out!

Election Day Guide When, Where, and What

Clearly, the main thing to do on election day is to  vote. Unfortunately, voting can often be a confusing process. Here is a brief guide designed to answer some common election day questions. Where to Vote Many states mail out sample ballots weeks before the election. It probably lists where you vote. You may have also gotten a notice from your local elections office after you registered. It may also list your polling place. Call your local elections office. It will be listed in the government pages of your phone book. Ask a neighbor. People who live in the same apartment complex, on the same street, block, etc., usually vote at the same place. If your polling place has changed since the last general election, your elections office should have sent you a notice in the mail. When to Vote In most states, polls open between 6 and 8 in the morning and close between 6 and 9 in the evening. Once again, call your local elections office for the exact hours. Typically, if you are in line to vote by the time the polls close, you will be allowed to vote. To avoid long lines, vote between 10 a.m. and 5 p.m. To avoid potential traffic problems at busy polling places, consider carpooling. Take a friend to vote. What You Should Bring to the Polls It is a good idea to bring a form of photo identification with you. Some states require photo ID. You should also bring a form of ID that shows your current address. Even in states that do not require ID, poll workers sometimes ask for it, so its a good idea to bring your ID anyway. If you registered by mail, you will need to produce your ID the first time you vote. You might also want to bring your sample ballot on which you have marked your selections or notes on how you want to vote. If Youre Not on the Registered Voter List When you sign in at the polling place, your name will be checked against a list of registered voters. If your name is not on the list of registered voters at that polling place, you CAN still vote. Ask the poll worker or election judge to check again. They should be able to check a statewide list. You may be registered to vote but at another location. If your name is not on the list, you can still vote on a provisional ballot. This ballot will be counted separately. After the election, officials will determine if you are eligible to vote and add your ballot to the official count. If You Have a Disability While federal elections are generally conducted under state laws and policies, a few federal laws apply to voting and some provisions specifically address accessibility issues for voters with disabilities. Most notably, the Voting Accessibility for the Elderly and Handicapped Act (VAEHA), enacted in 1984, requires that political subdivisions responsible for conducting elections assure that all polling places for federal elections are accessible to elderly voters and voters with disabilities. There are two allowed exceptions to the VAEHA: In an emergency, as determined by the chief election officer of the stateWhen the chief election officer of the state determines that all potential polling places have been surveyed and no such accessible place is available, nor is the political subdivision able to make one temporarily accessible in the area involved However, the VAEHA requires that any elderly disabled voter who is assigned to an inaccessible polling place—and who files a request in advance of the election—must either be assigned to an accessible polling place or be provided with an alternative means for voting on the day of the election. In addition, a polling official may allow a voter who is physically disabled or over the age of 70 to move to the front of the line at a polling place upon request of the voter. Federal law requires that polling places be accessible to persons with disabilities, but if you want to make sure you will be able to vote, it is best to call your local election office before election day. Inform them of your disability and that you will need an accessible polling place. Since 2006, federal law has required that every polling place must provide a way for people with disabilities to vote privately and independently.​ Your Rights as a Voter Equal treatment and opportunity to register and vote, regardless of race, religion, national origin, sex, or disabilityPrivacy—only you should know how you votedHaving your vote accurately counted and recordedIf you have a disability, access to a voting device you can use, along with appropriate assistanceHelp in voting from poll workers IF you ask for itCourtesy and respect from poll workers, election officials, and all others at the polling place You should also familiarize yourself with the federal laws protecting your rights at the polls and how to report potential violations of voting rights laws.

Essay on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder and Veterans

Military service members who are and have been deployed to the middle east show high levels of emotional distress and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Both active duty and reserve component soldiers who have experienced combat have been exposed to high levels of traumatic stress. As a consequence, many have gone on to develop a wide range of mental health problems such as PTSD. â€Å"According to researchers, PTSD is a long-term reaction to war-zone exposure that can last up to a few minutes, hours, several weeks, and for some a lifetime.† Common symptoms include: emotional numbing, anxiety, feelings of guilt, and depression. If the disorder turns chronic veterans may experience functional impairment (Friedman, M. J. et al., 1994, p.†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Studies of OEF/OIF combat veterans have revealed that rates of PTSD are higher in deployed soldiers compared to non-deployed soldiers (Buchanan, C. et al., p.743).† Unfortunately, in some cases, mil itary spouses are not fully aware of the symptoms for PTSD. Some feel powerless and unsure on what to do when symptoms begin damaging their relationship with their love one. Broadly speaking, military couples who are challenged with a deployment suffer more stress which may lead to PTSD when they do not know how to obtain support when needed, have lower income, and are not satisfied with the military and its missions. Other factors that may dictate the degree of stress for military couples facing a deployment are income, education, and rank. Couples who have had prior military experience such as having military parents or serving a number of years preceding a deployment may adapt well to the demands of military life. Overall, relationship satisfaction may result if couples possess excellent communication and marital quality. Greater emphasis on military assistance has been to shown to reduce stress in couples, but spouses who perceive the military as being â€Å"less concernedâ⠂¬  for them and their love one usually experience higher levels of stress. Also, unenthusiastic emotions toward the mission in the middle east can be related to greater stress in couples. â€Å"Negative attitudes toward the U.S. Missions in Iraq and Afghanistan were associated with more stress (Allen, E.Show MoreRelatedVeterans With Post Traumatic Stress Disorder2330 Words   |  10 Pagesmillions of veterans that have served this country by leaving behind their world as they once knew it, thank you. Entering the world of a soldier comes with a culture of warriors who are taught and trained to be ready to kill, but also ready to save, heal, and comfort (Hansen). Sergeant Hansen served in the United States Marine Corps for nine years and was deployed three times, once to Iraq and twice to Afghanistan. He was honorably discharged in April of 2014, however like many other veterans, his militaryRead More Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Veterans Essay2315 Words   |  10 PagesHu ndreds of thousands of United States veterans are not able to leave the horrors of war on the battlefield (â€Å"Forever at War: Veterans Everyday Battles with PTSD† 1). Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the reason why these courageous military service members cannot live a normal life when they are discharged. One out of every five military service members on combat tours—about 300,000 so far—return home with symptoms of PTSD or major depression. According to the Rand Study, almost half of theseRead MoreEssay On Post Traumatic Stress Disorder In Veterans756 Words   |  4 Pagesstaff, â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition thats triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event†. Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit organization committed to clinical practice, education and rese arch, providing expert, whole-person care to everyone who needs healing. This particular condition is problematic among veterans, due toRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder in War Veterans2507 Words   |  11 PagesPOST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN WAR VETERANS SC-PNG-0000009299 Alwin Aanand Thomson American Degree Program SEGi College Penang 1.0 INTRODUCTION Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to any event that results in psychological trauma. This event may involve the threat of death to oneself or to someone else, or to ones own or someoneRead MoreNeeds of a Veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder1137 Words   |  5 PagesNeeds of a Veteran with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Should veterans be able to live on their own with post-traumatic stress disorder? Going from living a great life with nothing wrong to being diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder, also known as PTSD, is a life changing event for anyone, but should veterans be treated differently from everyone else? Life of Ted Olsen was normal before he was knocked unconscious by a â€Å"massive garage door that jumped a track on base and crashed down onRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder in War Veterans2491 Words   |  10 PagesPOST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER IN WAR VETERANS SC-PNG-0000009299 Alwin Aanand Thomson American Degree Program SEGi College Penang 1.0 INTRODUCTION Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a severe anxiety disorder that can develop after exposure to any event that results in psychological trauma. This event may involve the threat of death to oneself or to someone else, or to ones own or someoneRead MoreEssay on Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Veterans2944 Words   |  12 Pages Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (commonly known as PTSD) is an important issue associated with military soldiers. The primary focus of this paper will be on the causes of PTSD and the effects it has on returning soldiers from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. I will attempt to elaborate on the soldiers experiences through my own experiences in combat both in Iraq and Afghanistan. I will explain what PTSD is, look at the history of PTSD, how people get it, and differences of PTSD between men and womenRead More Implications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for War Veterans1577 Words   |  7 PagesImplications of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for War V eterans War is a complex concept that is increasingly difficult to understand, particularly in an age that allows for live images of combat to be beamed around the world. Many war films depict the brutalities of war and affects war has on participants, but it seems that these representations merely skim the surface. The 20th century is an era that saw a significant amount of military action: World Wars I and II, the Cold War, VietnamRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Treatment For War Veterans1564 Words   |  7 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder treatment for war veterans Post-traumatic stress disorder, PTSD is a psychiatric disorder that may develop after experiencing or seeing a traumatic or a brutal life threatening event. It is increasingly on the rise in war veterans. For those with PTSD only 53 percent have seen physicians or a mental health care provider. And for those who sought out care, roughly only 50 percent received adequate treatment when returning from combat. Although there are many treatmentsRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder Among War Veterans2201 Words   |  9 PagesPost Traumatic Stress Disorder among War Veterans Introduction Soldiers from combat missions face a variety of challenges when conforming to a civilian lifestyle. The fact that there are many of the identification issues and the influence of the environment, soldiers tend to exhibit Post-Traumatic stress disorders. The manifestation of the Post-Traumatic disorder PTSD leads to the development of traumatic brain syndrome and other problems. Service men and women have taken part in many war missions

Renewable energy architecture Free Essays

string(76) " spread out an overview of the primary beginnings of information available\." Chapter One: Introduction Rationale Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources that are renewable, invariably replenished by nature such as sunshine, air current, rain and geothermic heat. All of these signifiers of renewable energy can be used as a cleaner beginning of energy in houses. As these signifiers of renewable energy can be harnessed to bring forth sufficient electricity even for the most demanding of houses and so some, the electricity generated from renewable resource would be clean, safe, environmentally friendly, cost effectual and efficient. We will write a custom essay sample on Renewable energy architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å" Our present happy progressive status is a thing of limited continuance † William Stanley Jevons 1865 This citation shows that as far back as the mid 1800s civilization knew the that worlds resources were non infinite and that one twenty-four hours they could run out, so for the past 150 old ages or so civilization could hold been be aftering for this and looking for alternate types of energy such as renewable energy. â€Å" Traditional Fossil fuels are running out, they are acquiring harder and more expensive to obtain, and their emanations are fouling our planet. Newer, greener, alternate, renewable, energy solutions are available today. Emerging engineerings are doing them more efficient, and more low-cost, with shorter payback times. This makes them a feasible option to traditional energy beginnings. Energy costs have snowballed in recent old ages. U.K energy wholesale monetary values have risen by 100 % for electricity, and 230 % for Gas since February 2007. Coal has seen a, monolithic leap with a 400 % addition in the last 10 old ages, from merely ?23 a ton in 1999 to ?100 a ton in 2008. Oil monetary values have increased dramatically late and are ever prone to fluctuation. Oil has reached peak supply and increasing demand from developing states is likely to maintain monetary values high † . ( line.3,4,5. par 2 from place page of www.renewable alternative.co.uk web site for Caron alternate energy systems. ) The Author found this quotation mark to be really acute as it non merely shows that traditional fuels are no longer traveling to be an option in the hereafter but with current demand for energy the monetary value is traveling to flip projectile. This citation besides looks at how promoting and utilizing renewable energy systems can assist you to make a cleaner and more environmentally friendly environment, the quotation mark besides looks at how renewable systems can be more cost effectual non merely in the overall life span but besides in the installing aswell as many authoritiess of states are now giving out grants to householders in order to advance renewable energy. The writer will travel into the inside informations of the grants in greater item later in the thesis. Purposes In this thesis the writer aims to demo that put ining renewable energy systems in domestic houses is non merely promoting green energy but besides cost-efficient and every bit productive as traditional heating systems in places. Throughout the thesis the writer plans to call and depict the different types of renewable energy systems that are available to a home to do it more energy efficient. Aims To set up an appropriate research methodological analysis to back up the research needs of the thesis. To analyze and measure the different types of renewable energy systems. Conduct a study of consumers who have purchased/installed a renewable energy system in their house. To look into the advantages and disadvantages between renewable energy systems and traditional warming systems. Formulate decisions and do recommendations on the footing of my findings. Hypothesis Is Renewable energy in domestic houses more good than traditional heating systems? Structure of Dissertation Introduction Chapter one introduces the reader to the thesis. It provides a brief overture to the subjects that will be discussed in the thesis. It besides discusses the purposes, aims and the construction of the thesis. Research methodological analysiss In chapter two the writer discusses the research methodological analysiss used to research information and this includes the research procedure, primary and secondary literature beginnings. List of renewable energy systems In chapter three the writer makes a list of the different types of renewable energy systems available to the consumer. List of traditional warming systems In chapter four the writer makes a list of the traditional warming systems available to the consumer. Detailed description of renewable energy systems In chapter five the writer gives a elaborate description of the different types of renewable energy systems and lists the advantages and disadvantages. Detailed description of traditional warming systems In chapter six the writer gives a elaborate description of the different types of traditional warming systems and lists the advantages and disadvantages. Analysis of questionnaires This chapter analyses the sentiments of the place proprietors who have installed renewable energy systems in their places. In this chapter the writer has made up a client study and given it to place proprietors ( who have installed renewable energy systems in there house ) to finish. The writer will roll up and analyze the consequences of this study. Case survey In this chapter the writer looks at different illustrations of similar research. Decision and recommendations This chapter provides the decisions and recommendations of the thesis. Bibliography and Mentions The bibliography and mentions is a list of all the books, articles and web sites used to research the thesis Chapter Two Research Methodologies Introduction: In this chapter the writer outlines the assorted methods used to bring forth this thesis. It identifies the different beginnings used and illustrates how with comprehensive research the information was collated. The writer besides discusses the restrictions encountered in researching for this thesis. Research Procedure The research procedure begins by the writer fixing a preliminary literature reappraisal. This enables the writer to get a sufficient appreciation of the theories and methods of analysis in renewable energy systems. The preliminary literature reappraisal help the writer develop his cognition of the planning system and statute law. The preliminary literature survey besides helps spread out an overview of the primary beginnings of information available. You read "Renewable energy architecture" in category "Essay examples" The preliminary literature survey in the initial phases in the research procedure presents a big sum of the stuff needed for the thesis. The writer uses this information to contract his research. This focused his purposes on specific countries. The writer so had to make up one’s mind on what format the thesis would take and how to travel about bring forthing it. By analyzing past thesiss on similar topics it will help in the enlargement of the initial thought and will show the right method to put to death a thesis. Throughout the research procedure different information is collected. This information can be broken up into different headers primary and secondary beginnings. Beginnings: Primary and Secondary Primary Literature Beginnings: â€Å" Primary literature is the most accurate beginning of information as it publishes original research † ( Naoum, 2007 ) . The lists of primary beginnings included in this thesis were academic research diaries, thesiss, authorities publications and studies on the capable affair. Discussion was carried out with the bibliothecs in both Robert Gordon University and Carlow Institute of Technology this broadened the research avenues. The chief beginnings of information included: Documents from the European Union Documents from the Irish authorities Sustainable Energy without the hot air by David JC Mackay Renewable Energy Policy by Paul Komor Secondary Literature beginnings: Secondary literature beginnings are those that cite primary beginnings such as text editions, trade diaries, newspaper articles etc. The secondary beginnings were chiefly conducted during the writer ‘s research period. The writer used many different beginnings such as the cyberspace and the library comfortss available. The utilizations of hunt engines specifically orientated to renewable energy were of great significance to the writer. The cyberspace was a really good beginning for up to day of the month stuff. The writer concentrated on the local sustainability web sites, Departments of Environment in Austria, Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom European Parliament, and the national newspaper websites to beginning information for this information. Restrictions During the research for this thesis there were assorted restrictions. One of the greatest restrictions the writer encountered was the clip limitation. Roll uping the information needed clip it takes clip to treat the information and piece the thesis. A job the writer encountered was there were really few books that discussed the issues of the â€Å" the public presentation of renewable engineering in domestic houses † . One other trouble was the response rate was really hapless to the writer ‘s electronic mails and letters. The response rate was really hapless and therefore effected the writer ‘s overall nonsubjective position on this thesis. Literature Review The writer undertook a literature reappraisal to beginning the relevant research involvements. The literature reappraisal provided the background information for the principle. In researching for this thesis the writer used text editions, newspapers, statute law and published studies as the principal beginnings. Past Dissertations Past thesiss in the Robert Gordon University provided a valuable beginning of information. The past thesiss were a considerable aid with the layout and format of the thesis and besides helped with developing the content. Questionnaire The usage of questionnaires was a important aid in having feedback from the people who are most influenced by the renewable energy systems ( the people who have had them installed in there houses ) on their sentiments and experiences. Chapter 3 List of Renewable Energy Systems The list of renewable energy systems falls under certain different standards for illustration solar, air current power, biomass etc. these are some of the systems that the writer will be looking at in greater item later on in the thesis. Solar Solar panels. Photovoltaic cells. Evacuated tubing aggregators. Heat pumps Geothermal heat pumps. Wind energy Wind turbines Biomass Wood Chip or Pellet Boilers Water direction Rainwater reaping Chapter 4 List of Traditional Energy Systems The list of traditional energy systems that the writer has decided to research falls under the undermentioned standard Gas, Oil and Coal the writer will be looking at these systems in greater item later on in the thesis. Traditional warming systems Gas Oil Coal Chapter 5 Detailed Description of Renewable Energy Systems Solar Panels Solar thermal ( heat ) energy is frequently used for heating H2O used in places and for heating the interiors of edifices ( â€Å" infinite warming † ) . Solar infinite heating systems can be classified as inactive or active. Passive infinite warming is what happens to your auto on a hot summer twenty-four hours. The Sun ‘s beams heat up the interior of your auto. In edifices, the air is circulated past a solar heat surface and through the edifice by convection ( intending that less heavy warm air tends to lift while denser cool air moves downward ) . No mechanical equipment is needed for inactive solar warming. An active solar thermal system relies on solar aggregators to transform sunshine into heat that can be used for infinite warming or more normally to bring forth hot H2O. Active systems frequently include some type of energy storage system. Information taken from: ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyexplained/renewable/flatplate.html ) Solar Energy A ; the Environment Using solar energy produces no air or H2O pollution and no nursery gases, but does hold some indirect impacts on the environment. In add-on, big solar thermic power workss can harm desert ecosystems if non decently managed. Birds and insects can be killed if they fly into a concentrated beam of sunshine, such as that created by a â€Å" solar power tower. † Some solar thermic systems use potentially risky fluids ( to reassign heat ) that require proper handling and disposal. Concentrating solar systems may necessitate H2O for regular cleansing of the concentrators and receiving systems and for chilling the turbine-generator. Using H2O from belowground Wellss may impact the ecosystem in some waterless locations. Photovoltaic Cells What are Photovoltaic Cells and how do they work? Photovoltaic Panels are normally situated on a roof and usage semi music directors to change over sunshine to bring forth electricity for your place. Unlike Solar Panels which use the energy of the Sun to heat H2O, Solar PV ( photovoltaic ) converts the suns energy into electricity. The panels are made up of an array of cells which are made of stuffs such as Si. The Solar PV ‘s are made up of a negative and positive field similar to a battery. The photovoltaic panels do non necessitate sunshine to be effectual as they operate from daytime instead than sunlight specifically, although they do supply more electricity in sunnier climes. The more Sun, the more electricity produced. The photovoltaic cell is activated by visible radiation. Electricity is created by the creative activity of an electric field across beds of semi-conductors in the cell. Advantages of Solar PV Photovoltaic cells are low care, but do necessitate checking of the wiring and guaranting the Photovoltaic panels are unbroken clean and debris free. For new physique or redevelopments, photovoltaic installing costs will be lower as they can be incorporated with other plants. Photovoltaic reduces your C footmark. Alternative energy systems can better overall marking for ‘Energy Performance Certificates ‘ which form a mandatory component of the Home Information Packs ‘HIPS ‘ which house Sellerss now have to roll up. Alternative, renewable energy systems increase the value and saleability of your belongings. Photovoltaic panels are low noise. Photovoltaic panels can be used to supplement air current energy. Suitability Photovoltaic panels should be placed so that they are South or chiefly South confronting to derive most benefit from them, on an country where they will non blockade or overshadowed by edifices or trees. If they are in the shadiness for portion of the clip their end product will be less. Whilst traditionally these have been available in panels, Photovoltaic is now besides available in a signifier which mimics traditional tiles, and besides as units which can be used in the building of conservatories where they can besides supply shadiness. For larger Photovoltaic installings you may necessitate be aftering permission. A single system design will supply you with the best options for your single demands. We are able to plan and provide ‘off grid options ‘ which can let you to be self sufficient for electricity, heating and hot H2O. Photovoltaics ( pvs ) which convert sunshine straight into electricity, have many attractive characteristics. They are quiet, reliable, have no moving parts, can be installed really rapidly, and can be sized to power anything from a individual visible radiation to an full community. However they are rather expensive, with current costs of 20 per to 40 us cents per kWh for grid connected systems ( compared to 3 to 5 cents per kWh for coal or natural gas systems ) . Although costs have come down well in recent old ages and will go on to drop, PVs are presently nowhere near cost competitory with fossil fuels. ( l.3,4,5 par.2 pg 39 Renewable Energy Policy by Paul Komor ) Evacuated Tube Collectors Evacuated cellular tubings are made up of a series of modular tubings mounted in parallel.these tubings can be added to or taken away in conformity to hot H2O demands. These aggregators consist of rows of parallel see through glass tubings in which each contain an absorber tubing. In an evacuated tubing aggregator the sunshine passes through the glass tubing and heats up the absorber tubing by agencies of a heat money changer. The thickened fluid so flows back into the underside of the heat pipe. The pipes must be placed at a certain angle so that the method of vaporisation and compression will work to the best of it ‘s capableness. Advantages of Evacuated Tube Collectors The tubings can be separately replaced easy without particular tools and the H2O does non hold to be drained from the solar hot H2O system. The E.C.T ( evacuated tubing aggregators ) work like a thermos and maintain up to 93 % of the Sun heat in and lose between merely 3-5 % of the heat gained. The E.C.T will work in cold conditions up to -40 grades Fahrenheit. Geothermal Heat Pumps A geothermic heat pump is a cardinal warming and/or chilling system that pumps heat to or from the land. The geothermic heat pump uses the heat from the land as a beginning of heat ( in the colder months ) or a heat storage ( in the warmer months ) . This design takes advantage of the sensible temperatures in the land to better efficiency and cut down the costs of runing warming and chilling systems. The systems work a batch like a icebox or an air conditioner. Heat pumps can reassign heat from cold countries to warm countries, against the natural way of tally, or the systems can better the natural rush of heat from a warm country to a cool one. But unlike air-source heat pumps, which preponderantly transfers heat to or from the colder outside air, a land beginning heat pump takes its heat from the land. The fact that belowground temperatures are much more changeless means that geothermic heat pumps are much more energy efficient than air beginning heat pumps. What a land beginning heat pump does is it extracts the heat from the land in the colder months ( for heating ) and transfers the heat back into the land in the warmer months ( for chilling ) . During the summer months, the process can be changed so that the heat pump takes the heat from the edifice and channels it to the land. In order for a land beginning heat pump to work it must hold a heat money changer connected with the land to take or scatter heat. Direct exchange systems move refrigerating resistance, closed cringle systems use a combination of anti-freeze and H2O, where as natural groundwater is used in unfastened cringle systems. â€Å" Geothermal electricity has one compelling advantage over air current and solar. It ‘s non limited by the caprices of the air current or the Sun and can therefore provide base burden electricity. Typical geothermic workss operate at capacity factors of 90 per centum, compared to weave ‘s 25 to 30 per centum. This means that a geothermic power works is presenting near to its maximal end product most of the clip. This makes it a much more valuable and reliable beginning of electricity † . Wind Turbines What are wind turbines and how do they work? Wind turbines are the most common of the alternate energies, they are efficaciously the modern equivalent of the old fashioned windmill. The rotors or blades of the air current turbines are placed on a pole high up, where they need comparatively small air current to turn them. The whirling blades of the turbines create electricity by revolving a lasting magnet to bring forth electricity, which can be used for a assortment of intents. The more electricity required the bigger the air current turbines required. When most people think of air current turbines they think of the really big commercial air current farms, with really high, really big air current turbines. Wind turbines are now available on a much smaller graduated table for domestic homes, and are capable of bring forthing sufficient electricity for the family, and dependent upon size, there is besides the possibility of selling extra electricity to the grid. Advantages of Wind Turbines Wind turbines are environmentally friendly. Once installed air current turbines provide free electricity. Wind turbines are a more constituted engineering, they are a cheaper option and have a lower payback period. During periods of good air current, electricity produced by Wind turbines and non used or stored can be sold to electricity companies. Our new coevals air current turbines non merely look different, they are quieter and more efficient. Their light-weight and compact design allows them to be located on edifice roofs. Suitability In the chief, wind turbines are used for supplementing an bing electricity supply. You will necessitate a suited environment to be able to turn up the turbine, as far off as possible from trees and edifices. You will necessitate a suited base or pedestal on which to mount the air current turbine. Wind turbines merely generate electricity while there is sufficient air current so a uninterrupted supply of electricity can non be achieved. If there is no bing supply of electricity, electricity will either necessitate to be stored for unproductive periods, and/or used in concurrence with another beginning of renewable energy. Not all locations are suited for air current turbines, the placement of the turbine and the surrounding environment are critical for optimal public presentation. Any local planning limitations need to be taken history of in England and Wales be aftering permission is necessary to put in a little air current turbine. Wind turbines are best suited for rural belongingss, farms, community edifices, industrial estates, schools etc. The cardinal thought behind wind power is appealingly simple: the air current turns the blades, the blades turn the generator, and the generator makes electricity. The world of class is much more complex. Today ‘s air current turbines are technically sophisticated and finely engineered, integrating the latest progresss in stuffs, microprocessor controls, and computational fluid kineticss ( for blade design ) ( line 5, par 2, pg 34 Renewable Energy Policy by Paul Komor ) Biomass â€Å" Most common procedure of biomass burning is firing of wood. In developed states replacing oil or coal-burning cardinal heating boiler with a wood firing one can salvage between 20 and 60 % on warming measures, because wood costs less than oil or coal. At the same clip wood firing units are eco-friendly. They merely emit the same sum of the nursery gas CO2 as the tree absorbed when it was turning. So burning wood does non lend to planetary heating. Since wood contains less sulphur than oil does, less sulfate is discharged into the ambiance. This means less acerb rain and less acid in the environment † . ( This is the sentiment of the industries of the frohling company who manufacture biomass boilers. ) Biomass can be converted to different signifiers of energy including heat, power, combined heat and power or liquid bio fuels. Direct burning of biomass stuff. Some processing of biomass may be carried out anterior to combustion e.g. sorting, splintering, pelleting or drying. The chemical processes-where solid biomass is upgraded to a liquid or a gas by pyrolisis and gasification. Decomposition of solid biomass to liquid or gaseous fuels by procedures such as anaerobiotic and agitation. Whilst the writer was researching biomass energy he came across a really interesting article on the importance of biomass energy in Germany this is what it states â€Å" Biomass is one of the most of import and most diverse renewable energy beginnings in Germany † . Quote taken from ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmu.de/english/renewable_energy/doc/42722.php ) .As Germany is one of the taking states in sustainability in the European Union the writer thought that this would be rather good to the thesis. Biomass can be used in solid, gas and liquid signifier to make electricity and heat and to bring forth bio-fuels. It is estimated that of the entire concluding energy created from renewable beginnings in the twelvemonth stoping 2007 biomass contributed 69 % this is a astonishing figure when you take that more than two tierces of renewable energy came from biomass. Harmonizing to the concluding energy ingestion bio energy is responsible for about 4 per centum of entire elec tricity usage, merely over 6 per centum of entire heat required and 7.6 per centum of entire fuel needed. â€Å" The usage of bio-energy is to be farther expanded. The proficient potency required for this is available in Germany. In the agricultural and forestry sector, portion of the 17 million hectares of agricultural land ( approx. 12 million hectares of cultivable land and approx. 5 million hectares of grassland ) and of the 11 million hectares of forest are available for biomass production. By far the most of import beginning of bioenergy in Germany is wood. About one one-fourth of Germany ‘s wood production ( lower quality line of production ) is used for bring forthing energy, about three quarters are used as stuff. Waste wood and used wood are besides used for energy production. Model computations by the Federal Research Centre for Forestry and Forest Products have shown that there are militias to spread out the usage of wood without impairing sustainable forestry. † quotation mark taken from ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bmu.de/english/renewable_energy/doc/42722.php ) this quotation mark shows how the German people are utilizing at that place natural resources to farther heighten the solution to fossil fuel jobs. Economically biomass energy has become rather important in Germany with about 100,000 occupations being created in the bio energy sector, specifically in the agricultural and forestry subdivisions, where they are fabricating stuffs such as pellets, wood french friess or biogas from biomass. The entire net incomes from the bio-energy sector came to 10.23 billion euro in 2007. ( Information was taken from the web site of the Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety of the German Government ) Rainwater Harvesting Rainwater harvest home is the collection and maintaining of rainwater. It can supply H2O for imbibing, for farm animate beings, for irrigating land and for H2O to replenish acquifies in the procedure known as groundwater recharge. In some instances rainwater is the lone sensible or available H2O beginning. The systems are really suited in countries where the rainfall is greater than 200mm per twelvemonth. There are two types of reaping land H2O harvest home and roof harvest home. Land H2O reaping systems feed H2O from a prepared catchment country into a storage country. They are normally merely considered in countries where rainwater is highly limited and extra supplies of H2O are missing or non available at all. They are really suited for little communities. If good designed, land catchments systems can roll up big sums of rainwater. Roof reaping systems feed rainwater that falls onto a roof into storage through a system of troughs and pipes. The initial bustle of rainwater after a dry enchantment should non be stored as it could be polluted with soil, bird dungs etc. Roof troughs must hold sufficient incline to avoid any opportunity of a back log of H2O. The troughs must be strong plenty, and large plenty to transport maximal flows. In order to cut down the hazard of taint and fungus growing the storage armored combat vehicles should be covered. In order for the Rainwater reaping systems to be kept hygienic and clean they require regular cleansing and care this will protract the good working order of the systems. Rainwater reaping in towns or metropoliss can be really utile for many grounds. One of the chief grounds rainwater reaping can be implemented in metropoliss is to provide excess H2O for the metropolis ‘s demands, to refill flora to better the scenic beauty of a town/city, to increase the land H2O tabular array through unreal recharge, to relieve urban implosion therapy and to better the quality of groundwater. Another ground that rainwater harvest home can be utile for is in families the H2O can be used to flush lavatories and for rinsing apparels, sometimes it can be more good to utilize rainwater to make laundry as some country the brinies H2O may hold hints of calcium hydroxide which could consequence the lavation machine over clip. It can besides be used for lavishing or bathing. It will necessitate extremist violet intervention prior to utilize for imbibing. Chapter 6 Detailed Description of Traditional Energy Systems In this chapter the writer decided to look at the stuffs used to heat the traditional types of heating systems. Gas How Was Natural Gas Formed? â€Å" The chief ingredient in natural gas is methane, a gas ( or compound ) composed of one C atom and four H atoms. Millions of old ages ago, the remains of workss and animate beings ( diatoms ) decayed and built up in thick beds. This rotten affair from workss and animate beings is called organic stuff – it was one time alive. Over clip, the sand and silt changed to sway, covered the organic stuff, and trapped it beneath the stone. Pressure and heat changed some of this organic stuff into coal, some into oil ( crude oil ) , and some into natural gas – bantam bubbles of odourless gas. † Advantages of Natural Gas The procedure of firing natural gas is cleaner than firing other fossil fuels. It releases fewer emanations of sulfur, C, and N than oil or coal. As natural gas is one of the cleaner fuels it has become much more popular in recent old ages. Disadvantages of Natural Gas Natural gas may be cleaner than other fossil fuels but like other dodo fuel, the combustion of natural gas will bring forth C dioxide. Carbon dioxide is the 2nd biggest nursery gas lending to the nursery consequence. Natural gas besides has a negative consequence on the environment while it is being manufactured, polishing and transporting. Oil Oil was created from the remains of workss and animate beings that existed 1000000s of old ages ago in a maritime environment. Heating oil is a liquid with gluey characteristics, it is a combustible liquid crude oil merchandise used as a fuel for heating systems or boilers in edifices Heating oil is really similar to diesel fuel, and both are classified as distillations. It consists of a mixture of crude oil and hydrocarbons Disadvantages of Oil Oil merchandises help us achieve many things. We use them oil merchandises to fuel many of our conveyance systems such as cars, planes trains etc to heat our places, and to develop merchandises such as medical specialties and plastics. Even though oil merchandises make life easier – discovering, fabrication, transporting, and the usage of them can harm the environment through H2O and air pollution. Harmful gases and emanations are produced from firing Oil merchandises. Some of these harmful emanations include: Particulate affair ( PM ) Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) Sulfur dioxide ( SO2 ) Carbon monoxide ( CO ) About all of these byproducts of firing oil have a negative consequence on peoples wellness and the environment: Carbon dioxide is a nursery gas, which is of class a beginning of planetary heating. SO2 is known to causes causes respiratory unwellnesss and bosom diseases and besides acerb rain, which is damaging to animate beings and workss that live in H2O. Particulate affair is known to lend to the undermentioned wellness jobs lung malignant neoplastic disease, emphysema, asthma and chronic bronchitis. Coal Coal is a readily combustible black or brown-black sedimentary stone. It is composed chiefly of C along with fickle sums of other elements, chiefly S, H, O and N. Coal starts out as a movie of works substance builds up at the underside of a organic structure of H2O. In order for the process to go on the works substance affair must be sheltered from biodegradation and oxidation, normally by clay or acidic H2O. This trapped atmospheric C in the land in huge peat bogs that finally were covered over and profoundly buried by deposits under which they metamorphosed into coal. Coal, a dodo fuel, is the largest beginning of energy for the coevals of electricity worldwide, every bit good as one of the largest worldwide anthropogenetic beginnings of C dioxide emanations. Coal is the largest emmittant of C dioxide of all the fossil fuels it emits about double the sum of Co2 that natural gas emits. Coal is extracted from the land by excavation, either belowground or in unfastened cavities. Coal is chiefly used as a solid fuel to make heat and electricity. What are some of the disadvantages with excavation coal? â€Å" Without proper attention, excavation can hold a negative impact on ecosystems and H2O quality and alter landscapes and scenic positions. Debris that chokes mountain watercourses can ensue from surface excavation like mountaintop remotion, and acidic H2O can run out from abandoned belowground mines. Today reconstructing the land damaged by surface excavation is an of import portion of the excavation procedure. Because excavation activities frequently come into contact with H2O resources, coal manufacturers must besides travel to great attempts to forestall harm to land and surface Waterss. What Emissions and By merchandises Are Produced from Burning Coal? The burning of coal produces several types of emanations that adversely affect the environment. The five chief emanations associated with coal ingestion in the energy sector are: Sulfur dioxide ( SO2 ) , which has been linked to acid rain and increased incidence of respiratory unwellnesss Nitrogen oxides ( NOx ) , which have been linked to the formation of acerb rain and photochemical smog Particulates, which have been linked to the formation of acerb rain and increased incidence of respiratory unwellnesss Carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) , which is the primary nursery gas emanation from energy usage. † Chapter 7: Analysis of Questionnaire: Introduction: In this chapter the writer will measure some of the sentiments of householders from Scotland and Ireland. These people represent the householders who have installed renewable energy systems in there houses of, so their sentiments will give an honest position of the systems. The questionnaire will assist me compare my ain beliefs on the renewable energy systems with the people most accustomed to them. The questionnaire was sent out with a cover missive as shown in Appendix A. There were 40 questionnaire sent out. 30 respondents sent their questionnaires back. I posted the questionnaires with a return cast addressed envelope included. Question 1: How satisfied are you with sing the following points? Merchandise, overall quality, value, installing ( first usage ) , usage experience and after purchase service. The intent of this inquiry is to see whether the people who have purchased renewable energy systems are happy in the above countries. The consequences of the study prove that big proportion of the people who have installed renewable energy systems in their places have been preponderantly happy with there purchase. Question 2: Overall, how satisfied are you with the merchandise? The consequences of this study are reasonably conclusive in turn outing that the bulk of the people surveyed are either really satisfied or highly satisfied with there merchandise. Question 3: Compared to other merchandises that are available, would you state that the merchandise is? The intent of this inquiry is to see whether the people who have purchased renewable energy systems are happy with there merchandises compared to traditional energy systems. Looking at the consequences of the questionnaire it is obvious to see that the people who have had the renewable systems installed are happy with there purchase with a bulk of 53 % happening the new system to be better and 27 % of the people. Question 4: Would you travel back to your old system? The intent of this inquiry was to happen out what per centum of the people surveyed would be happy to travel back to there original system. Once once more the consequences of the study were reasonably conclusive with the bulk of the people more than happy to remain with there renewable systems. Question 5: How likely are you to urge this merchandise to others? The intent of this inquiry was to happen out what per centum of the people surveyed would be happy to urge this merchandise to there friends and household. The consequences of this inquiry shows that out of 30 people who answered the questionnaire a bulk of 54 % of people would be willing to urge a renewable energy system to people they know, with 30 % of the people being open. Question 6: Based on your experience with this sort of merchandise, how likely are you to put in a similar merchandise in your house once more? The consequences of this inquiry are really concise with a bulk of 73 % likely or highly likely to put in a similar renewable energy system in the hereafter and a minority of 23 % who would non be willing to put in another renewable energy system. Chapter 8: Case Study As portion of the instance survey chapter the writer has looked at the new E.U. statute law brought in on the 23rd January 2008 entitled â€Å" Renewable Energy in the twenty-first century: edifice a more sustainable hereafter † . This enterprise is aimed at holding Renewable energy history for 20 per centum of the brotherhoods overall Energy ingestion by 2020. As portion of this instance analyze the writer looked at how four different states viz. Austria, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom intend to run into foremost the interim marks and secondly there overall mark by 2020. The writer will besides be looking at the different grant strategies grants for renewable energy in domestic places awarded by different states within the European Union. First the writer will demo the statute law given by the EU below and demo what marks have to be met by each state in the European brotherhood and the interim marks set out for each state listed below. Member provinces ‘ marks On 23 January 2008, theCommission put frontward a proposal for a newdirective on renewable energies to replace the bing steps adopted in 2001.EU authoritiess and the European Parliament reached a wide understanding on the proposal on 9 December 2008, which was so adopted by the Parliament in a plenary ballot on 17 December Harmonizing to the text, each member stateshouldincrease its usage ofrenewable energies – such as solar, air current or hydro -in a bidto encouragement the E.U. ‘s portion from 8.5 % of the axis ‘s energy mix today to 20 % by 2020.A 10 % usage of ‘green fuels’in transportis besides included within the overall EU aim. To accomplish the marks, every state in the 27-member axis is required to increase its portion of renewables by 5.5 % from 2005 degrees, with the staying addition calculated on the footing of per capita gross domestic merchandise ( GDP ) : Interim marks The Commission alsoproposes aseries of interim marks, in order to guarantee steady advancement towards the 2020 marks. 25 % norm between 2011 and2012 ; 35 % norm between 2013 and 2014 ; 45 % norm between 2015 and 2016, and ; 65 % norm between 2017 and 2018. Oesterreichs In researching the proposals of each of the four states the writer intended to look at, the writer found it highly hard to happen a finalised proposal as the finalised proposals do non hold to be submitted to the European Union until June of 2010. the best the writer was able to make was research proposals forwarded by MPs to each authorities. The Austrian authorities set up a plan to analyze the effects of holding to make 34 % renewable energy of the entire energy end product by 2020 and the impact this will hold on the environment, the economic system and on society. In order to analyze the inquiries posed, the undertaking comprises two chief blocks: the development of the simulation theoretical account â€Å" e3.at † which integrates energy, economic and environmental facets in one individual and consistent modeling model, and its application within a participatory scenario patterning procedure. After the creative activity of the simulation theoretical account and the development of the scenarios, the scenarios had to be implemented into the theoretical account. The undertaking consists of: An economic theoretical account, dwelling of an input-output theoretical account, the system of national histories ( SNA ) , and the labour market. An energy theoretical account, exemplifying the relationship between economic development, energy usage and CO2 emanations. It comprises energy demand, transmutation and supply. A resource theoretical account, apportioning the domestic and imported stuff inputs to those sectors responsible for the material extraction. The theoretical account acts as a footing for quantifying the effects of different scenarios of a more ambitious usage of renewable energy in Austria. Germany The German authorities has estimated that they will non merely make the mark by 2020 but beat it by.7 % the authorities. The German authorities have done up a tabular array gauging how much per centum of energy they are traveling to do from renewables from 2010 to 2020. Irish republic Harmonizing to the Irish authoritiess section of communicating, Marine and renewables white paper papers, presenting a sustainable hereafter for Ireland the authorities intends to make the followers: Encourage biomass in power coevals by back uping biomass engineering transportation, investing in specific biomass R A ; D and tackling of supply side ( biomass feedstock ) issues ; They will extinguish the dedicated oil demand for the power coevals sector by 2020 while reexamining the strategic necessity for double fire at gas workss ; They will accomplish 15 % of electricity ingestion from renewable beginnings by 2010through bing and new undertakings under the refit strategy ; They will accomplish 33 % of electricity ingestion from renewable beginnings by 2020 through support for research, development, commercialisation, and engineering transportation every bit good as grid connexions and be aftering issues for offshore air current, ocean engineering and biomass ; They will restrict Irelands dependance on natural gas for power coevals to about 50 % by 2020. They will guarantee the necessary transmittal system planning and development in support of renewables by EirGrid SONI and the Regulators in the all-island model. Besides in the white paper papers was a estimated tabular array of the electricity coevals between 2005 and 2020. United Kingdom In relation to the United Kingdom the writer was able to come across a proposal by Mr John Hutton MP sketching his proposals to assist the United Kingdom make its recommended renewable energy mark of 15 % by 2020. The proposals are as follows: â€Å" Extending and raising the degree of the renewables duty to promote 30-35 % of our electricity to come from renewable beginnings by 2020. Introducing a new fiscal inducement mechanism to promote a really big addition in renewable heat. Widening more effectual fiscal support for heat and electricity microgeneration engineerings in places and other edifices. Helping the planning system to present. Guaranting appropriate inducements for new electricity grid substructure. Exploiting the full potency of energy from waste by sing farther limitations on land make fulling biomass. Necessitating all biofuels to run into rigorous sustainability standards to restrict inauspicious impacts on nutrient monetary values, and other societal and environmental concerns. Promoting the development of new renewable engineerings by guaranting effectual support peculiarly where the UK has the possible to be a market leader. Maximizing the benefits for UK concern by supplying a clear long-run policy model. â€Å" Taken from ( hypertext transfer protocol: //www.energyportal.eu/component/content/article/6175.html ) Chapter 8.2 Grant allotment As portion of this thesis the writer researched the grants available to householders, who wished to put in renewable energy systems in there homes. The writer decided to look at the grants available in the four European states he had looked at for the E.U enterprise viz. Austria, Germany, Ireland and the United Kingdom. The writer thought that this would be really good as the chief ground for non put ining renewable energy systems in peoples places was the monetary value of it, but if the grants available can be significant plenty to cut the monetary value of installing down to a minimal so there should be no ground for non put ining renewable energy systems. Oesterreichs Some European states, such as Germany, Ireland, Portugal and Spain, already established renewable edifice codifications on a national degree. Austria has chosen a different way. Alternatively of an amendment to the bing edifice codifications, which would do a portion of renewable energy mandatary in new or refurbished edifices, Austria agreed on a ordinance which is linked to the lodging aid programmes. The model for this political instrument is an agreement ( paragraph 15a B-VG ) between the national and the province authoritiess to cut down the nursery gas emanations of the edifice sector. It stipulates that all Austrian provinces implement regulations for paying lodging aid merely if the warming system of the house fulfils certain ecological demands. Efficient oil/gas boilers with a solar thermal system are eligible in most provinces, every bit good as wood boilers, heat pumps and territory warming. 7 of 9 Austrian provinces already approved these demands last twelvemonth. Austrian provinces that implemented demands for an ecological warming system for new and refurbished residential edifices, desiring to gain from lodging aid. In most instances, the householder can take between different heating engineerings, one of them being an efficient oil/gas boiler combined with a solar thermal system. Germany Harmonizing to the German authorities they are apportioning 350 million euros each twelvemonth to in the signifier of grants to householders for the installing of renewable energy systems such as solar panels, biomass boilers and heat pumps. However the German authorities expects most householders to take solar panels. Under the new ordinances, solar panels will necessitate to hold an country equal to 4 % of the entire country of a house. The German authorities has besides brought in a statute law that all new places built in Germany from January 1st 2009 will be required to put in renewable energy heating systems under a new jurisprudence called the Renewable Energies Heating Law ( Erneubare-Energien-Warmegesetz ) . Harmonizing to the new statute law 14 % of a family ‘s entire energy ingestion must be met by renewable energy beginnings. For bing houses from 2010 onwards the recommendations are that 10 % of the warming and domestic supplies will hold to be provided by integrating renewable energy. For old houses, 10 % of the warming and domestic hot H2O energy demands will hold to be provided by renewables. Fines of up to 500,000 euros will confront anyone who fails to exchange their warming systems. ( information for this was taken from the German federal ministry for the environment, nature preservation and atomic safety of the German authorities ) Irish republic In Ireland the Irish authorities have been giving out grants to place proprietors since the 27thof March 2006 under the grant strategy the applier. United Kingdom The United Kingdom besides allocates grants to householders who are put ining renewable engineering in there houses but certain criterions have to be met first these criterions are as follows: The grants are merely available to place that have: Insulated the whole of the loft of the belongings to run into current edifice ordinances e.g. 270mm of mineral wool loft insularity or suited option. Installed pit wall insularity where possible. Fitted low energy visible radiation bulbs in all appropriate light adjustments. Have thermostatic controls and a coder or timer for your warming. In many of the grants available the grants will besides pay for 30 % of the installing fee. So in decision with the grants in each of the four states researched covering at least 30 % of the installing fee if non more there should be no ground for non put ining renewable engineering systems. Decision: The chief purpose of this thesis is to place whether the renewable energy systems could work every bit if non better than the traditional warming systems. The 2nd purpose was to bring out if the renewable energy systems be more cost effectual and significantly more environmentally friendly than the bing warming systems. In order to carry through these purposes and to prove the hypothesis of â€Å" Is Renewable energy in domestic houses more good than traditional heating systems? the writer set out specific aims to accomplish these ends. In the of all time altering universe of renewable energy it is apparent that the progresss and on-going progresss in the field of renewable energy agencies that better engineering will be bought at a more competitory monetary value. This will portend good for both the consumer and the environment with the consumer being able to buy renewable engineering cheaper than he would a traditional dodo fuel he/she will be cutting down on the nursery gas emanations that are fouling the environment every twenty-four hours. To demo one illustration of this Evacuated cellular tubings are perchance the best solar thermic devices on the market right now but they are besides the dearest but with progresss in engineering ( e.t.c ‘s ) will go cheaper doing them more popular. Another decision that the writer came to while he was researching for this thesis is that non merely is the use of fossil fuels earnestly harming our environment but they are besides running out at an dismaying rate which means if we do n’t move every bit shortly as possible to rectify our errors we will non merely have created irreversible harm to our environment, by breathing harmful gases into the ambiance but we will hold sucked dry all of the earths dodo fuels. It is rather clear to see this go oning now all we have to make is look at the surging monetary values of oil, gas and coal e.g. monetary values have risen 230 % for Gas since February 2007. Coal has seen a, monolithic leap with a 400 % addition in the last 10 old ages, from merely ?23 a ton in 1999 to ?100 a ton in 2008. figures taken from ( Caron alternative energy web site. ) Consequences from the who installed renewable energy systems in there places were more than happy questionnaires, proved that 74 % of the people that were surveyed with either the heat generated or the electricity generated and the comfort provided by the renewable energy systems. As the bulk of the people surveyed either switched from traditional heating systems to renewable energy systems or were brought up in life in a house with traditional heating systems the writer thought that this was a true contemplation of the position of the people most affected. Recommendations: There should be more accent put on the fabrication of renewable energy systems as the writer noted earlier if there were more renewable devices supplied so the overall monetary value would travel down as it is simple marketing â€Å" supply and demand † Although the European Union have brought in a new directive where by 2020 40 % of the corporate European states energy should be renewable energy, the writer believes that each authorities in each state should make its uttermost to excel this demand. The authorities of each state should convey in a statute law that all new houses have to run into a certain criterion of renewable end product to advance both the sale and usage of renewable energy. The authorities should besides see presenting stricter clip frames for enforcement of this statute law. Governments could besides give greater grants to advance the sale of renewable systems and revenue enhancement an over usage of fossil fuels. 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Henry Thoreaus influences on Martin Luther King Jr Essay Example For Students

Henry Thoreaus influences on Martin Luther King Jr Essay Henry Thoreaus influence on Martin Luther King Jr. Henry David Thoreau was a great American writer, philosopher, and naturalist of the 1800s whos writings have influenced many famous leaders in the 20th century, as well as in his own lifetime. Henry David Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts in 1817, where he was later educated at Harvard University. Thoreau was a transcendentalist writer, which means that he believed that intuition and the individual conscience transcend experience and are better guides to truth than are the senses and logical reason (Prentice Hall 1174). Thoreau is well known for writing Walden Pond, Excursions, The Maine Woods, Cape Cod, and A Yankee in Canada. In 1849 Henry David Thoreau wrote an essay called Civil Disobedience which little did he know would influence great leaders such as Mohandas Gandhi, Nelson Mandela, and US civil rights leader Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Martin Luther King Jr. was born in Atlanta, Georgia in 1929. He graduated college with honors and developed a talent for public speaking. A man by the name of Edgar D. Nixon saw Kings public-speaking gifts as great assets in the battle for black civil rights in Montgomery, where the bus system was about to be boycotted on account of Rosa Parks incarceration. King slowly became a well-known civil rights leader that gave many speeches and non-violent protests. This is about the time that King studied the writings of Henry David Thoreau, especially Civil Disobedience. Throughout the history of the United States, there have been many times when citizens have felt the need to revolt against the government. Times of revolt where when Henry Thoreau was alive and during the civil rights movement of the 1950s. The reasons for these revolts included discrimination against the African-American community and Americans refusing to pay poll taxes to support the Mexican War. Thoreau refused to pay the poll ax because the money was being used to finance a war he was against. This war was over Texas, which was to enter the Union as a slave state. He wrote Civil Disobedience while in the Walden jail. Thoreau wrote how disappointed he was with the government by forcing him to pay a poll tax that supported a war and slavery. King would later go to jail acting on his beliefs. Martin Luther King and Henry David Thoreau used civil disobedience to change peoples ideas and beliefs to stop the injustice brought against them and their nation. Civil Disobedience is defined as refusal to obey civil laws or decrees, which usually takes the form of direct action (Groliers Encyclopedia Online 2). Thoreau wrote that people practicing civil disobedience, break a law because they consider the law unjust. People want to call attention to its injustice. Thoreau voiced civil disobedience as, An expression of the individuals liberty to create change (Thoreau 530). Years later Martin Luther King Jr. took the same idea of direct action to protest the injustices brought upon black Americans in the United States. One major example was the Birmingham bus boycott. Blacks where treated unjust and often had to give up their seats to whites, and had to listen to racial slurs made by the bus driver. King like Thoreau, did not take a violent approach, he often used sit-ins and rallies to unite the black community (Encarta Encyclopedia 2). Non-violent acts such as this, led to Kings arrest in Birmingham where he was placed in jail. Here, King wrote a famous letter called Letter from Birmingham City Jail to his clergyman. This letter contained many ideas of Thoreau about the government. .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .postImageUrl , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:hover , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:visited , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:active { border:0!important; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:active , .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9 .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u293e0acad4b7b849c5af7efb7bb22eb9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Evolution Of Forensic Psychology (300 Level Underg Essay In Thoreaus Civil Disobedience and Kings Letter from Birmingham City Jail, both agreed on injustice of majority to rule over minority, both resisted the government passively, and both wanted a better government immediately. The two writings shared the fact that the majority was not necessarily right, but they have always between the ones in power because they are the strongest and the most influential (Kevin Franklin 1). Therefore, laws written by the majority are mostly in favor of the majority, and are enforced by the majority. Martin Luther King Jr. stated that, if a law denies the right of the .

AntiSocial Paper

AntiSocial Paper AntiSocial Paper The History of Antisocial Personality Disorder Individuals with a diagnosis of Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD) are most notorious for a blatant disregard for the rights of others and the rules of society. They are usually manipulative, impulsive, deceitful, and lack any remorse. These personality traits are socially maladaptive and harmful (Torry however, individuals with psychopathy are also characterized by an arrogant and deceitful interpersonal style, callousness, and lack of emotionality (Zeier, Sommers, Newman, & Racer, 2011). In the past, anyone who participated in criminal acts would be looked down on and were often times persecuted. However, not everyone believed that these people should be punished for their actions. James Cowles Prichard felt that not all criminals should be condemned so he came up with the term â€Å"moral insanity†. Moral insanity was the word used to describe the body as being effected with a disease that causes a person to partake in criminal acts. In his book, A Treatise on Insani ty and Other Disorders Affecting the Mind, he stated â€Å"I have described a form of mental derangement, under the title of moral insanity, consisting in disorder of the moral affections and propensities, without any symptom of illusion or error impressed on the understanding† (Prichard, 1837). Throughout the book Prichard is trying to convince people that insane individuals acted out not because they wanted to but because they were forced to do so. Ceasare Lombroso is another pioneer in the development of the phrase antisocial personality disorder. Lombrosso thought that the bodies of criminals were different than the bodies of law abiding citizens. He believed that criminals shared anatomical, similar, structures with our Neanderthal ancestors. The more a person looked like a beast, the more crime they would commit. Today people who has antisocial personality disorder are viewed as having a mental disability. However, a lot of people with this disorder are currently in jail instead of receiving the

World History Begins in Mesopotamia essays

World History Begins in Mesopotamia essays The ways of cultural diffusion are manifold, intricate and complex but for Mesopotamia, it set the stage on which many civilizations rose and inventions were made. Notable contributors to the history of Mesopotamia include Sumerians, Phoenicians and Babylonians. Living on the banks of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, Sumerians gave the world its first irrigation system. Set to control the river waters for irrigation, they dug primitive yet functional canals that not only improved their agricultural production but made them members of the earliest civilization. Irrigation led to communal effort and organization, making it necessary to establish a form of leadership for control. As a result, the Sumerian states were unified by Sargon (a warlord form the city state of Akkad) to form the world's first empire. Sumerians boasted of a number of achievements that carried on into later centuries. Cuneiform, the name given to Sumerian writing, was the earliest known form of writing. Sir Henry Rawlinson, an archaeologist, excavated the "Rock of Bebistun", a tablet containing ancient Sumerian writing. Although primitive in that it was mainly symbolic, it was the basis for the development of writing in ancient times and a forerunner to the modern art of writing. From the discovery of writing stemmed several innovations. Sumerians composed some of the world's earliest known literature, most notably the "Epic of Gilgamesh", a Sumerian poem that deals with immortality. Sumerians also developed cylinder seals, which were special markers, used by trades' people as signatures and for ownership confirmation. This was the basis for the present day stamp seals used for the exact same purposes. They are also credited with being the first civilization to develop written accounts of trade and an interest -based credit system for lending goods to borrowers. Being a highly agricultural society, most Sumerian inventions revolved around agriculture. T...

S6W1Dqs 1256 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

S6W1Dqs 1256 - Assignment Example In addition, due to participation of other players in such efforts, there is likely to be a fear on one side of negatively affecting the other hence long-term strategies may not be viable (Carlsnaes, Risse & Simmons, 2012). As a result, the nations have always held the belief that the uncertainty created by the stated factors may hinder the progress of their peace-keeping missions, for instance, and hence the need to have short term goals as the situation is being monitored. However, this might hinder their efforts of nation building in the affected countries because it is through long term and realistic goals that such efforts may be effective. There is need for a more unified approach in tackling this issue so that peacekeeping and nation building in the identified conflict zones are highly prioritized for long-term sustainability. A2. According to the author, ‘fungibility’ of force refers to the ability of a country’s military force to peacefully influence othe rs. This can be through the winning of battles with other military forces or through indirect influence to decisions that are bound to be made at international levels to their favor. According to him, this ability may have great benefits compared to forceful use of military power. There are two effects of this ability according to the writer (Art & Waltz, 2004). First, the military influence of a country has a ‘spill over’ effects that might influence policy making to its benefit. Secondly, having a strong military asset base and therefore superior force may be of great importance to a country in terms of conflict resolution. This is because the country’s bargaining power is enhanced because of its perceived power. Art &Waltz (2004) therefore have held that just like in the economic sense, currencies may have different values, military power can also be wielded in a peaceful way to enable nations achieve their aspirations. By using the analogy of flooding, they s tate that when military force is used in, say one battle, the other nations are likely to feel the effects of it by judging from the aftermath that may be characterized by destruction. Fungibility therefore is an important aspect that may determine a country’s effectiveness in handling conflict resolution. When nations look at their power in terms of fungibility instead of the number of enemies destroyed in battles, there is likely to be peace in conflict zones. This is because bloodshed that results in military operations spread a lot of animosity among the parties involved hence making it difficult for peacekeeping and reconciliation efforts. A3. The United States is an example of a nation that has been able to exert influence through its power assets across the globe. This is despite the observation by the writer in his ‘democratic peace theory’ framework that democratic powers are likely not to favor this position. By overcoming the challenges of the power ba lance doctrines, the United States has been able to survive this condition (Rosato, 2003). First, the US has a policy of forming a partnership with the other military powers. A good example is the Afghanistan war that it involved other countries like Britain. Even though the United States was the major power in the initiation of that war, the involvement of

Eliminating Human Resource Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Eliminating Human Resource Problems - Essay Example Altogether, these led to lower level of production and product quality. The problems stated above indicates greater core concerns which should be looked into. These are not the real problems but merely symptoms of the company's failure to establish an organizational structure suited to its human resource. These problems can be attributed to the grievance and dissatisfaction of the workforce as their needs remained unmet. I have come up with four recommendations which you can do in order to enhance employee morale and product quality in your department: employee empowerment, more open communications, motivational tools, and employee evaluation. 1. Employee Empowerment. The traditional approach of leaving decisions to the managers is now considered obsolete. I strongly believe that this is not working in your department. I believe that employees should be given the chance the chance to participate. It has been demonstrated that giving employees the chance to participate in the decision making of business organisations directly and significantly contributes to their job satisfaction. As human beings, employees have this innate desire to enhance their self worth. Without their participation and involvement, employees are left with the feeling that they are no more than the equipment that the company uses.

The Visual Feedback From Video Games Media Essay

The Visual Feedback From Video Games Media Essay Video games are electronic games that engage the user through an interactive interface. The interaction involves the use of visual feedback mechanism which is generated on a specially designed video device. Just like any other medium, the use of video games can be used as an effective communication channel. The content of the specific game is however the determinant of the specific ideology that it expresses. It has been proven through elaborate research that video games have a profound influence in the manner which an individual thinks and behave. Certain experimental and analytical data shows that the playing of video games has a direct influence on ones thoughts. The playing of violent video games has been proven to increase the level of aggressive and hostile thoughts (Anderson, Buckley, Gentile, 2007; Anderson, Carnagey, Flanagan, Benjamin, Eubanks Valentine, 2004).The engagement of a player in games that have positive content has also been proven to elicit positive outcomes. A perfect example is the playing of video games by children which has been proven to help in weight management. In this paper we explicitly investigate whether video games side with certain British political ideologies. In the recent past, researchers have questioned the validity of passing on political ideologies in videogames. This has always drawn the conclusion that the reputation of the video game industry despite being a disposable form of entertainment which serves a very wide audience does in fact have a degree of political discourse. This notion of political ideologies being encoded in the some games is true but has a degree of flaw. Thus notion for example overlooks the effort of certain independent game designers and developers. Games such as Super Columbine massacre RPG and Cutthroat Capitalism go to a large extent to dispute the notion of apolitical landscape in the industry of videogames. The level of success in the process of communicating the various political statements which incorporate military, social and economic issues just illustrate the political nature of these videogames. Video games by design and existence are a true example of cultural artifacts which bear a certain degree of political messages. It is a proven fact that even the simplest of the video games despite their low level of mindlessness can never fail to portray the politics of the underlying culture in which they are designed. The mainstream video which games do seem to lack political ideologies in actual sense have an implicit political undertone. The basic design of these games is not supposed to handle or tackle any form of political issue directly. The design also does not allow for the carrying of political messages covertly. The reality however is that the games do reflect the underlying social values and most of the popular ideologies of the resident culture in which the game was intended to be deployed in. Even in the conservative and economically centered eighties or even the liberal society, politics are in fact intertwined in the very underlying codes of the video games that we do enjoy Video Games and the Brain Researchers have in past conducted experiments to investigate the influence the mechanism and relationship that occurs in the brain when an individual is playing a computer game. The work of researchers published in Nature (1998) ,a British journal indicated that the brain secrets a special hormone called dopamine when one is laying a computer game. Dopamine is a pleasure inducing chemical that is secreted whenever an individual engages his/her mind in the playing f video games. The New brain research that was conducted years back (Bartholow, Bushman Sestir, 2006) was the first to show that the playing of violent video games results in bad health of the players. The emphatic responses of the brain to the simulation of certain real-life violence such as shooting with a gun and bombing are also elicited. It was also explained by Walsh (2004, 2006). That the exposure of a teenaged brain to video games results in certain violent long-lasting effects. A group of British researchers embarked on a research to understand the neurochemical outcomes of playing video games (Koepp et al. 1998).They measured the amount of dopamine hormone which gets released whenever subjects were engaged in playing a video game. The video games were of action genre. The action game involved the maneuvering through a battlefield full of landmines and tanks. Dopamine is a special neurotransmitter that necessitates the modulation of certain information that is passed from one brain area to another. The particular interest in dopamine was because of its role in the control and influence of a wide range of human behavior. Some of the behaviors that it influences are pleasure, learning and even addiction. An example is the fact that in most cases of drug addiction, pleasure is achieved by increasing the level of dopamine in the brain. By employing a special form of brain imaging technique called (Positron Emission Tomograph) the researchers were in a position to determine the effects of playing a video game on the level of dopamine that is released. The result showed a rapid surge in the amount of dopamine that was released in the brain. The areas that were most noted to have these dopamine surges/release are the areas that are attributed to learning and reward. The injection of amphetamines intravenously gave out comparable results. The observed surge in dopamine and its resulting implications are never well known but is a success in rats. This implies that dopamine may indeed be very crucial in the process of modifying the brain following a certain period of perpetual engagement in training activities. Bao Etal conducted a study using groups of rats. One group of rats was paired with the presentation of a certain tone of about 9-kHz.The observation made was that there was a particular expansion in the brain area that is devoted to the used tone. This was just in the rats that had concurrent of dopamine simulation. (Bao, CHan, and Merze nich,2001).Their conclusion therefore was that dopamine plays a very integral role in the process of learning. This was what caused the neural realignment in the rats. The conclusion from this experiment is that the large increase in the amount of dopamine that is observed when a person plays a video games has a role that is similar to the one in the rats. The dopamine released leads to a faster rate of learning and pleasure. The Dominant British political Ideology The term ideology was first made use of by French philosopher Destutt de Tracy in the nineteenth century. He used it to refer to the science of human ideas. However several definitions have been coined for the word. The term ideology is however used to refer to a certain particular set of ideas and assumptions that are necessary in the shaping of ones understanding of the world. It was however argued by Leys (1983:14) that ideology refers to any set of social ideas that become part of the operative assumptions of the general political practice of a certain particular social group. The very nature of an ideology is usually interpreted to be very coherent in that the main ideas within the specific ideology will usually tend to show a high degree of coherent with one another. The main ideologies that dominate the British way of life are conservatism, socialism and liberalism. Methodology Participants The participants were gathered from a certain popular social online video gaming platform. To explore the questions as to how often the participants engage themselves in playing video games and How this video games affect politics, the research was undertaken by interviewing six hundred participants of which the majority were male compared to females. There were 65% of males compared to 45% females. The participants were aged between eighteen years and forty years with the mean age being 25year and a standard deviation of 0.64. Procedure Data collection was done between the months of January and February the year 2010. The affair was random and after informing the officials of the underlying research it was on. The participants were recruited randomly through random sampling technique which was geared towards a generalized finding that gives a wider scope of views from the respondents, and avoidance of biasness. This was done to eradicate biasness and to get various views from different people who comes from all forms of employment. The main concern of the research was to analyze how people especially teenagers look up for political information online. Secondly there was a concern was how they had persuaded people into voting in elections; thirdly they sort to know how the people had been living informed on politics and other current affairs in the past six months, forth is whether they have stayed committed to their civic participation. And lastly the research sort to see how interested the participants are in polit ical issues around them. The research engage in analyzing both the activities and interests of the participant from that earlier ages because though teenagers do not always involve themselves in political issues as compared to their adult counterparts, they are at a critical age where experimentation are eminent that can help in the development of new political ideologies that give them certain political identities. Each person participating filled an anonymous survey questionnaire that was to give details of their attitudes towards videogames, what they know about them, how often they play and lastly, their perception of politics and how video games affects it. The participants were told that video games included any games played on a computer, video arcades, and handheld devices among others. The data collectors were also taught and trained the manner in which the survey was to be conducted. (Walsh, 2000) The research uses logistic regression and multivariate linear methods in their analysis between the participants background information variables and their civic quality in playing video games together with the above five concerns of the research on what the participants engage in. the games can then be categorized under various groupings such as those that tries to coin the thoughts of participants on moral issues, how they help people learn about problems in the society, how they help in influencing communities decision making procedures, and the nation at large. And lastly some are categorized on how they help in teaching about social issues. The above statistical methods are used because they assist in controlling factors such as how parent may influence the civil participation of the youths and also how participants incomes can affect their civil and political participation. The analysis due to past researches on the topic goes ahead to categorize influencing measures in four different categories that includes; the political characteristics of the games played which talks about how the participants and whether they have any civic experiences that influence political issues or supports them. Another is the social context of the games played which assesses the way the games are played. This could be in solitude or in groups. It also assesses the political behaviors and attitudes, this deal with the magnitude of involvement of the participants to gamming and their political involvement. Also there are demographic variables. They include analysis on age, gender, race and also household incomes. It also analyses the frequency of the games played. Therefore on this research our main concern will be on the variables listed below. Variables Amount of time spent on video games: the participants were asked how much time they spend playing their favorite video games. This time was categorized into week days and weekends which helped in calculating the amount of time people use in playing the video games weekly. Video games exposure: the participants were again asked to name at least three of their favorite video games. On each video game named the participants were expected to rate how often they play this game on a seven point Likert scale. Also the participants were asked to rate how the video game related to politics on the same Likert scale. On the scale it is interpreted that 1 represent a no relation to politics while 7 mean a higher relationship to politics. The video game political relation score was calculated. The participants were also asked to rate their video games relation on a 1 to 10 scale to show how much trends of politics in video games has changed in the past two to three years. Video game limit: the participants were again asked how often they limit themselves from playing video and the period of time they use in playing the video games. Underlying video game political inclination: The participants were asked to state the general mood that laying the game elicited as concerns the major British political ideologies. The model There exists broad based and multidisciplinary body of research work that deal with the effects of video games on various social phenomena, some borrow their relevance applications, game theory. DeGroot (1974) came up with a perfect self updating model , whereby persons adjust their personal belief regarding a certain event (also called the state of the world) by way of observing all persons with whom they have a common social tie and in effect taking an average of their friends averages. Political ideologies and beliefs do necessarily involve a certain level of personal stubbornness but is not explicitly explored by the model, however the DeGroot updating model is still relevant towards the process of forming a political ideology, especially when the aspect of social video gaming which is so connected and impressionable is concerned. In this research however, we do a slight modification of the DeGroots model in order to include an element of political judgment as well as a decreasing level of an individuals sensitivity to others views in a bid to capture the overall maturation state and solidification of the various political views and ideologies. For this purpose we begin by employing DeGroot model which has a simple stochastic configuration having the following parameters. The model is employed in gauging a persons view regarding the elements of British political ideologies that they derive or perceive to be entailed in the video games. The model is a follows. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.(1) Where n is denotes the number of direct links that an individual i has with certain other people j in the online gaming network. I reconfigured the model to incorporate some of the most observed realities of British political ideology acquisition. In the model we assume that a person maintains an autoregressive component in his or her ideology. The model then becomes as follows. . à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦(2) Allowing the general political ideology to start out at time 1 as i b~ + e , in which ÃŽÂ µi is a random error term which is drawn from N(0,s 2 ) . The expectation of ÃŽÂ ²i, and 2 is b~ is arrived at by inspection, as the expectation ( ) i E b~ + e is b~ , Which leads us back to equation (2). Variance of ÃŽÂ ²i,2 is evaluated the equation Nis clearly decreasing. Therefore, one can boldly infer that more connections of n can lead to correponding ÃŽÂ ²s which quickly converges to the equilibrium of mb~ and to each other.2 This model however comes with a certain number of assumptions, some of which are more concrete than others. The initial assumption is that it does not take into account the weightings or a measure of the strength of the various different ties. Conclusion Video games have been proven to have profound effects on the players thoughts. Certain ideologies can also be passed or rather contained in the video games. The exact nature of the ideology that a particular game may pass varies significantly with the nature of the game. Certain games have specific political ideologies that dominate their main theme. The study reveals that a great degree of political ideology is encapsulated in the British games. The designers of various games area at times motivated by certain political ambitions in the process of designing the games. The main political ideology that is eminent in most games is conservationism and it is mainly expressed in terms of strategy of the games. Most British gamers enjoy playing games that replicate the old battlefields campaigns. Literature Review Many theorists have come up with similar and different arguments concerning the relations of video games, politics and culture of different regions of the earth. When participating in these social practices, players of the game have the opportunity to involve themselves in new identities. For example, while playing the game Sims Online a presidential political contest of Alphaville erupted between, Baynes who is 21 years old, and Laura who is a 14 year old girl. Political jockeying and voter fraud accusations emerged just like it would in a real political activity. These occurrences created learning opportunities to Laura and Baynes about the realities of real politics and what they entail. This very election attracted national attention as pundits engaged in debates on the significance of games where players could not only run political systems in their virtual lives, but could also engage in political debates and arguments. Lauras political campaign, platform and alliances were substantial enough to initiate a stronger police force and run an overhaul of the system of judiciary. This creates an understanding of how deep it can be to gain ex perience in online virtual worlds. These games contain very rich contexts for learning since players are able to have new and powerful identities and actually experiment on them.( Shaffer 2004) According to Terry Flew (2005) digital games are on the increase in society, a thing which has created social isolation especially teenage boys, who hide in bedrooms; thus fail to actively engage in the society. David Marshal (2002) agrees with Flew though he is against the effects of the out come of his research He found out that games are dynamically social and extensive social conversations emerge from online gaming in huge multi-player formats. For example, the Sims Online has created entire social and political structures in some communities that have adopted a social gaming prospect in their daily lives. These online gamers actively participate in various forms of communication which includes one-on-one correspondence. These kinds of games are massive, social and intimate. On the other hand, McArthur (2008) argues that the amount of time young people play, or the frequency of the plays are significantly related to most outcomes of both civic and political occurrences in pour daily lives. McArthur continues to emphasize that the gaming influence to games has increasingly persuaded others on the voting process, charity contribution, volunteer work, and also in growing interest as far as political views and events are concerned. MacArthur finds very little evidence supporting the aspect of videogames in the promotion of attitudes and behavior that undermine behavior as well as civic commitments. On the same note, there is also little evidence supporting an association of video game playing and that of a vibrant civic and political life. McArthur concluded that the frequency of playing games was associated with only two political and civics outcomes i.e. an increase in political interest and protesting with variations that only emerge according to the leve l of frequency a gamer has to play. Henry Jenkins, a prominent scholar in digital media highlighted potential participation of cultures that come up as a result of engagement with the digital media. Such participatory cultures are in support of communities that share the same interest and involve themselves in sharing and creating what they create with others. Those with experience join in to mentor those who are coming up. With the kind of report put forth by Jenkins, the newly created participatory culture presents more opportunities for gamers to, participate in community life as opposed to isolation, engage in civic debates, or to be leaders in politics. Extensive opportunities through participation may gradually change self perception and encourage social ties with other inhabitants. In order to be empowered, one is supposed to make meaningful decisions within a civic point of view. For example, citizenship skills are learnt through engaging into political acting in order to understand choices to be made in politi cal terms; all these require steps from watching political news and acting politically. This is more like having interest in politics acting in a game world and then acting politically in the real world. Henry Jenkins (2007) Developmental Psychologists concerned with adolescent behavior have suggested that nurturing is very important during the early years in life i.e. child and teenage years. This is the time that teenagers try to anticipate the lives of adulthood and work hard to understand who they are, who they want to be and how they relate to the society. Gibson (2003) notes that the development of sociopolitical orientations is very critical; therefore assessment of the importance to which young members of the society experiment with civic and political activities available to them is crucial in development of future participation. Brown and Thomas in their arguments in virtual worlds write that players learn to create new innovations within networked environments that are well suited to social interactions, problem solving and effective communication. For example, in world of warcraft, players generally come together to form guilds in which they associate together and coordinate in how to attack and destroy the enemy as well as plan to raid the enemy. When new members are recruited, they undergo training as well as ways of resolving conflict among the guild members. This calls for the establishment of an implicit or explicit code of conduct. This kind of interaction and social influence prepares young people on the future stance of their lives. Douglas Thomas (2008) Sasha Barab and Kurt Squire have qualitatively studied the content of the game Civilization IV. This is a game where players begin to join a group settlers living in an underdeveloped land. After joining the piece of land, they try to think deeply on how they will develop the land to the standards of a big city; they therefore send a number of scouts to go and explore the territories that surround them. In order to do this, they are expected to set up a group of warriors who are supposed to fight and protect their city. These players start their ways from the Stone Age period and keep moving until the modern twenty first century. This is a process where they have to develop ideas and make wise decision on how to introduce religion, reading e.t.c at the same time; trade negotiations take place as well as talks on governing their territories especially financially and politically. This kind of simulation enables players to have opportunities of learning about the dynamics of political, economical, as well as the legal system that are stipulated in a real government. This simulation also provides opportunity for players to acknowledge their civic identities due to their experience as civic leaders in the virtual world. Such cognitions and attitude coincide with the players behavior, thus help them develop and practice civic skills. With this study, Squire and Borab concluded that young people gain both civic and political knowledge through playing commercial video games such as Civilization IV. Borab and Squire (2004). There also have been games purely designed to be used within a basic education context. Games such as Quest Atlantis include a narration based on a storyline of young male and female protagonists. This is meant to initiate a proper understanding in pupils about the purpose of some of the activities they carry out in their daily prospects. This game has also helped students perform batter in their studies, especially in subjects like, language arts, social studies and science. For example, in social studies; students have developed and appreciated history and its relationship to their present lives and the adoption of various perspectives of making decisions. As far as gaming in an educational setting is concerned, studies show that players under the guidance and intervention of adults yield more productivity and worthiness as opposed to the players under the reflection of peer groups. Other arguments though state that games with more distinct design features can facilitate greater ci vic learning conditions without the intervention of an adult. Borab and Squire (2004). More literacy scholars have introduced the new versus the old literacy in this new technology era of global understanding. Meyer and rose (1999) interprets the old literacy concept based on the assumption that the basic carrier of information in our culture is the print and the most important knowledge is the ability of students to express and understand themselves through text. Right now technology is catching up, thus the new definition of literacy has changed to mean the ability of a student tot be able to express self through digital technology which is rapidly becoming the sole carrier of information. This is critical in todays education context. This education context requires the knowledge of print literacy; this call for both the old (print) and this new (digital) concept to enhance more skilled literacy. It simply shows that there is a perverse challenge of literacy in both the digital and the non-digital innovations of our daily lives. (Meyer Rose, 1999) Electronic games have actually been used in the classroom by teachers to associate the traditional ways of teaching. Young people have always been inspired by some character in the games. This invokes some sense of attention and concentration which are part of the teachers goals in the teaching process. After the digital game use, pupils begin to reveal some real enthusiasm for writing diaries, text, coloring and making drawings; this also motivate them to keep proper records for what they have learned and drafted in the classroom. They also go on to discuss their projects in broader perspectives, thanks to the games their teachers introduce to them in classroom. The game world in schools is particularly stronger in the United Kingdom for the sole contribution of contributing and advancing personal skills in innovation and creativity. These games develop intellectual and social skills that includes self confidence, ability to explore and cooperate, enterprise and initiative, responsi bility, independence e.t.c. (Meyer Rose, 1999) According to Zimmerman and Salen, games are forms of organized play with a set of rules and guide to players. If a game is well designed with a meaningful purpose, then the game will definitely yield positive results meaningful play which is a very good learning condition. This definition of meaningful play simply means the results of the relationship between the outcome and the action in a game which are integrated and discernable into the wider view of the game. When the real design focuses on meaningful learning results, then it is able to preserve playfulness which is deserved by children and at the same time serious learning. Games really motivate players to concentrate on mastering their tasks according to how the game is supposed to be played. The innovation of very distinct elements of game design such as rewards, goals, rules, multisensory cues, interactivity, and narrative context, have proven necessary to kindle the expected outcomes of learning. For example, EVE Online is an online game that one has to subscribe to in order to play. Its nature as a casual game doesnt in any way undermine the gain of knowledge while playing it. EVE Online is all about dominating a market by setting up a number of corporations. This game has attracted so many prominent personnel including, MBAs, city traders, economists, chief executives e.t.c. to gain knowledge of complex financial lessons that they can practice in the real world. One of the gamers was interviewed and explained that once one has managed to conquer a virtual corporation spanning the universe, you can then easily be able to manage a real corporation spanning the earth. (Zimmerman and Salen 2004) Games are interactive mediums with to fully understand becomes a core challenge. Within game worlds, players have the agency. These games are therefore inhabited by the gamers, within the theories of digital games, a reliable game should be able to constrain players through the narratives and the rules that they are bound to. It is also important that the players be given the actual control for entering the virtual world. Kreimeier, 2000 continues to explain that the game developers desire is always be able to design games that enable the players to fully engage themselves in the game world. In this way, games are constructions by both the players as well as the authors. For example, the Grand Theft is a game representing the inner L.A in a way that leads players to understand some of the limited choices urban youth have, this game also has a way of inviting them to try the personae of the black man in the inner city; and the experience the sensations of the urban culture and the lif e of an urban gang member. The Grand Theft game allows gamers to inhabit this for a particular view point and also help in the development of the identities within them. (Squire, 2004). Deux Ex is a very popular game design as a science fiction game. It contains characters of duplicitous leaders of the government, very powerful corporations and also full of terrorists who are sponsored by the government. Warren Spector who designed the game offers moral choices to the gamers on whether to trust organizations or to trust individual people. In a world where no moral decision is right, the player is left tot rethink of who he wants to joint the competing organizations such, as family royalties, government or corporations. This kind of game helps us know the must important things and choices to make; as well as what to ignore when making very important decisions. All these game are differently understood and interpreted by different player.(Black 2004) According to Tom Malone (1981), there is an intrinsic motivation of games to players through challenge, control, fantasy, curiosity and opportunities for competition, collaborative play and social interaction. He goes on arguing that games have a way of creating presence, or emotional immediacy which is one of their most appealing features; the core to this is that we are entering the word to this and not merely manipulating the screen pixels. Clinton (2004) says on the other hand that immersion is fundamentally built through the game world interaction. These verbs given to players- jumping, punching, running, diving and kicking through and over enemies and few other obstacles are the building blocks through which gamers become war lords, action heroes, or civilization leaders. Clinton maintains that the digital worlds cognition is mediated thoroughly by players action capacity. Thus the players actions become the players interface with the world. Clintons observations go on proving that the first thing a player does before playing a particular game is to familiarize him with the game controls. This action gives him total control of the characters body and what he can do in the virtual world. In the real world this helps a player to conform and find out his abilities that he can use to venture through his day-to-day